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"Nelson Monument"
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View from New St Andrew's House towards Calton Hill
MacLean, Kevin, 2016, Digital image
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View from New St Andrew's House towards Calton Hill
View from New St Andrew's House towards Calton Hill
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Item no
41758
Title
View from the 5th floor of New St Andrew's House towards Calton Hill
Artist / maker
MacLean, Kevin
Date
2016
Type
Digital image
Location
Edinburgh and Scottish Collection
New St Andrew's House was built as part of the St James Centre development, on the site of the eighteenth century St James Square which was demolished in 1965. The new building was completed in 1970 and occupied for the first time in 1974 by the former Scottish Office. It was closed during 1995-96 and remained empty, partly due to the asbestos which had been used in its construction. As a concrete building in the Brutalist style, with cliff face elevations and unattractive fenestration, it faced substantial public opposition when it was first built, and continued to be a somewhat controversial development.
It was demolished along with the neighbouring St James Centre and Thistle Hotel. John Lewis being the only part of the St James Centre to continue trading throughout the demolition and construction of the new development, designed by Allan Murray Architects. The retail centre, which opened on 24 June 2021, has more than 80 shops, a food hall and a variety of restaurants. A cinema is also due to open, as well as the 12 storey W hotel with its controversial 'ribbon' design, an aparthotel and 152 apartments which are expected to be completed in 2022.
The Dunard Centre concert hall, designed by Sir David Chipperfield, will link the St James Quarter with St Andrew Square when it is completed in 2025.
Calton Hill is situated at the east end of Princes Street in Edinburgh. It rises to a height of 108 metres and is one of the city's hills created by volcanic activity. Several monuments stand on the hill. Most prominent amongst these are the Nelson Monument, built in the shape of a telescope, and the unfinished National Monument, modelled on the Parthenon in Athens.
In 1853 the 'Time-Ball' was installed on top of the Nelson Monument on Calton Hill. It drops every day at exactly 1pm, originally to give a time signal to ships in the Firth of Forth. From 1861 onwards this signal was accompanied with the firing of the One O'Clock Gun from Edinburgh Castle.
Edinburgh's City Observatory is situated on Calton Hill. The central observatory building was designed by W. H. Playfair and completed in 1818. It was built for the Astronomical Institution, founded in 1811-12 with the architect's uncle, John Playfair, as its president. Immediately to the south-west of Playfair's building stands an earlier observatory, now called Observatory House. It was built in the late 18th century for the Leith optician Thomas Short, and was designed by James Craig. The City Dome, a late 19th century addition to the site, stands to the north-east. The observatory is now run by the Astronomical Society of Edinburgh.
The National Monument was intended to be a grand memorial to the Scots killed in the Napoleonic Wars. It was to be a facsimile of the Parthenon in Athens, and would have functioned as a church. The collection of subscriptions began in 1822, and C. R. Cockerell and William H. Playfair were employed to work on the project. Funds were exhausted by 1829, and the monument has remained unfinished, leading to it sometimes being referred to as 'Edinburgh's disgrace'.
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